Association of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine polymorphisms with COVID-19 severity in unvaccinated patients
Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 who have the TNFα gene variant (rs1800629) are protected from developing COVID-19 moderate and severe outcomes, as well as from presenting low concentrations of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. However, carriers of the IL-10 (rs1800872, rs1800871) and CCL-5 (rs2107538) gene variants were associated with patients who died from COVID-19. Of these, only the minor allele of CCL-5 was primarily associated with increased chemokines levels, as well as with some cytokines considered hallmarks of the cytokine storm.
Authors
- Carlos Martínez-Armenta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-4930)
- Paola Vázquez-Cárdenas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6042-9322)
- Lucero A. Ramón‐Luing (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-7570)
- Juan Pablo Ramírez-Hinojosa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3773-613X)
- Ivette Cruz‐Bautista (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2391-6367)
- Diana Gómez‐Martín (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1807-0045)
- Yayoi Segura-Kato (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5452-6532)
- Alberto López-Reyes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-2589)
- Adriana Martínez-Cuazitl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-5190)
- Maylin Almonte‐Becerril (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1552-5961)
- Carlos Suárez-Ahedo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9766-2411)
- Gilberto Vargas‐Alarcón (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-5163)
- Laura E. Martínez-Gómez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-1350)
- Felipe de J. Martínez-Ruiz
- Rosa P. Vidal-Vázquez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4559-2620)
- Dulce M. Zayago-Angeles
- Brígida Herrera-López
- Julio Flores‐González (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4707-718X)
- Gustavo Jesús Vázquez-Zapién (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6657-0722)
- Leslie Chávez‐Galán (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2334-0361)
- Jessel Olea-Torres
- Nancy Torres (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7032-5818)
- Mónica Maribel Mata-Miranda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1811-4511)
- José Manuel Rodrı́guez-Pérez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3802-0897)
- Gabriela Angélica Martínez‐Nava (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9857-3840)
- Ma. Luisa Ordoñez-Sánchez
- Carlos Pineda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0544-7461)
- José A. Carrasco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3975-4961)
- Carla Isabel Oropeza-Vélez
Institutions
- Hospital General de México (MX)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (MX)
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (MX)
- Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez (MX)
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (MX)
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados (MX)
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología (MX)
- Universidad del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea (MX)
- Pemex (Mexico) (MX)
- Institute for Social Security and Services for State Workers (MX)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Published
- 2025-08-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1641285
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 5.58
Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología