Association of Hyperparathyroidism with Patients of Beta Thalassemia Major in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Beta-thalassemia is an inherited disorder that leads to abnormity of hemoglobin. There is a significant frequency of endocrine disorders among beta thalassemia major patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the Association of hyperparathyroidism with patients of beta thalassemia major in a tertiary care hospital. Material and method: The present study was carried out at women and children hospital karak after taking permission from the ethical board of the hospital. A total of 120 children already diagnosed with beta thalassemia major of both gender and different age groups were included. Children were evaluated by a detailed medical history and clinical examination. Blood samples were collected from children using extremely strict aseptic methods and forwarded to a medical laboratory for analysis. Serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, hemoglobin, and parathyroid hormone were checked. The participants’ bio data (name, age, gender, and address) was collected using a pre-designed proforma. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 120 children with beta thalassemia major were evaluated in this study, out of which 90(75%) were male and 30(25%) were female. Biochemical data revealed a mean hemoglobin level of 11.48±2.70 mg/dl, with 48 (40%) having high serum ferritin, 47 (39.1%) had low serum calcium, 46 (38.3%) showed high serum phosphorus, and 46 (38.3%) reported low parathyroid hormone. Hypoparathyroidism has been noted in 38.3% of thalassemic individuals. There was no significant association between age or gender and hypoparathyroidism. This study found a substantial correlation between serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone levels and hypothyroidism in thalassemic individuals. PTH levels between 10-60 pg/ml were considered normal, but those below 10 pg/ml were classified as hypoparathyroid. Conclusion: The current study concluded that hyperparathyroidism had a prime association with beta thalassemia major. The frequency of hyperparathyroidism was 38.3% in the beta thalassemia major participants in the present study.