Optimization of Green Open Space-Based Tourism Object Development

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the optimization of green open space (GOS)-based tourism object development at Panatapan Panyabungan Park, Mandailing Natal Regency. The park holds significant ecological and visual potential but suffers from suboptimal management, particularly in terms of facilities, community participation, and institutional support. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis with multiple linear regression on a sample of 150 respondents, along with qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with key informants. The results of the quantitative analysis indicate that all four independent variables—GOS quality (X1), tourism facilities and infrastructure (X2), community participation (X3), and local government support (X4)—have a significant influence on tourism development optimization (Y). However, when analyzed individually, only X2 (tourism facilities and infrastructure) has a significant positive effect on tourism development, while X1 (GOS quality) and X3 (community participation) have significant negative effects. Interestingly, X4 (local government support) does not show a statistically significant impact on tourism optimization. The qualitative findings provide deeper insights into the situation, revealing that the local community is not involved in the decision-making process regarding the management of the park. Additionally, the local government has not implemented concrete interventions to improve or maintain the area's infrastructure and facilities. Based on these findings, the study suggests that to optimize GOS-based tourism development, strategies should focus on improving basic facilities, enhancing community participation, and strengthening local government support. A participatory governance model, which fosters collaboration between the community and the government, is crucial for developing sustainable tourism in environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Such an approach would ensure the long-term success of the park as a key tourism destination in Mandailing Natal Regency.