Evaluation of Runoff and Morphometric Analysis in Wadi Ked, Sinai, Egypt

Sinai is a formidable territory and leads significant Vital areas in Egypt due to its past significance, Spatial sites, touristic value, and Environmental treasures. Restricted access to water sources in Sinai is the primary factor hindering its development. This study seeks to evaluate the effective rainfall (E.R.) in Wadi Ked, situated in Sinai, to facilitate various applications and mitigate hazards associated with flooding by designing protective structures based on the runoff volume. This study seeks to assess E.R. and morphometric characteristics and outline the drainage basins of Wadi Ked using the Curve Number (CN) method alongside the hydrological Model by (HEC-HMS) software. This hydrological model) HM) estimates runoff and generates hydrographs for storms with return periods (R.P.) of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200 years, and is also employed for watershed delineation in the study area. ArcGIS is employed for Water flow and terrain analysis, serving to illustrate the Spatial representation of the case study's features. The rainfall data utilized pertained to the Dahab, Sharm Sheikh, and Saint Catherine rainfall stations. The frequency analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel, yielding storm depths of 27.63, 38.78, 49.94, 64.68, 75.83, and 86.99 mm for (R.P.) of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200 years, respectively. The runoff volumes are 4.93, 11.06, 18.53, 29.72, 38.87, and 48.45 Mm³, and the corresponding depths are 4.74, 10.63, 17.82, 28.58, 37.37, and 46.58 mm for their respective return times.