Phytochemical screening of karpas beej majja (seed of Gossypium herbaceum)

Gossypium herbarium Linn. belongs to the family Malvaceae, it is commonly known as Karpas or Cotton. This species is native to Africa and Arabia, it occurs in central Asia and western India and cultivated in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkey, Spain, North Africa and China. Seeds contain glycosides, steroids, saponins, carbohydrate, proteins and phenolic compounds tanins. It possesses pharmacological activities like antifertility, ant spermatogenic, antitumor, antidiabetic, abortifacient, antiulcer, antiviral and contraceptive. Present study evaluates standard manufacturing process and analytical study of Gossypeumherbaceum seed. In the present study organoleptic parameters, physicochemical parameters and chromatological parameters have been studied according to API (Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India). Sample of cotton seed collected from market and Authenticated from Dravyagun department. The cotton seed prepared, and sample was sent for standardization. In organoleptic parameters nature and colour of drug were examined and in physicochemical test Ph, acid insoluble ash. Loss on drying, loss on ignition, reaction with acid, reaction with alkali, total ash, sulphated sh, extracted matter in water were evaluated. Organoleptic tests confirm the nature of drug solid and colour greenish yellow. Physicochemical test confirms that loss on drying 5.11%, total ash 4.41%, Acid insoluble ash 0.88%, water soluble extractive 21.45%, sulphated ash 4.88%, pH 6.39. This study provides analytical profile of seed of Gossypium herbaceum and values of test and its phytochemical screening results can be use as reference values in future research.