Complex dynamics for a discretized fractional-order predator-prey system with constant-yield prey harvesting and fear effect

In this paper, we derived and studied the discrete version of a continuous fractional-order predator-prey system with constant-yield prey harvest and a monotonically increasing function response, as well as a fear effect of the predator on the bait. After studying in detail the existence and local stability of the fixed points of the system, some favorable conditions for the occurrence of its Neimark–Sacker bifurcation and period-doubling bifurcation were obtained by using the central manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. Finally, numerical simulations carried out using Matlab software illustrate the theoretical results previously obtained and reveal its some new dynamics–the chaotic occurrence.