Beyond human ‘eyes’ in neurosurgical exams: success of artificial intelligence (chatgpt-4o, grok, and gemini) in the image-based questions of turkish neurosurgical society proficiency board exams

Although previous research has demonstrated strong capabilities of LLMs in text-only questions, this the results of the present study revealed that image analysis abilities of these models need further improvement when compared to actual candidates. Furthermore, the impact of prompt selection and repeated questioning should be emphasized, particularly when seeking correlation with the real-life exam results.