Structural models of term formation in Ukrainian IT discourse: transformations and trends

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the structural models used in the formation of terms in modern Ukrainian IT discourse and traces their transformation under the influence of the English language and current trends in information technology development. The relevance of the study is driven by the dynamic growth of the IT sector in Ukraine and the need to standardize professional terminology to enhance the precision and efficiency of professional communication. The paper outlines the challenges of standardizing IT terminology in the context of globalization processes and examines the contributions of domestic and international scholars to the fields of borrowing and term formation in information technology. Special attention is paid to the relationship between national and international elements in the structure of the terminological system. The study identifies and describes the main structural models of Ukrainian IT term formation and defines the key trends in their evolution. The methodological framework of the research is based on structural and word formation analysis and comparative analysis of terminological systems, supplemented by descriptive and classification approaches. The article presents typical models of term formation – morphological, syntactic, and mixed – illustrated with examples of foreign borrowings, calques, abbreviations, and semantic modifications in Ukrainian IT discourse. It also analyzes transformational changes in the structure of terms during translation from English, particularly changes in part-of-speech affiliation, paraphrasing, and emergence of synonymous doublets (e.g., “router” – “маршрутизатор” and “роутер”) that compete in actual language use.The main development vectors of modern Ukrainian IT terminology are outlined, including the dominance of Anglicisms, the aspiration for terminological stability and standardization, and the influence of professional language practice on term-formation processes. The article also defines promising directions for further research aimed at standardization and optimization of the functioning of new terms in the field of information technology.