Accelerating River Discharge in High Mountain Asia
Abstract High Mountain Asia (HMA) plays a crucial role in Asian hydrology—its vast snow and glacier‐covered landscape significantly influences downstream river water supply for billions of people. Understanding the spatiotemporal pattern of river discharge in HMA aids effective water resource management and infrastructure planning. In this study, we used a combination of hydrologic modeling and assimilation of remotely sensed discharge from Landsat and PlanetScope imagery to investigate how daily river discharge has changed for more than 114,000 reaches across HMA between 2004 and 2019. We observed significant increasing trends in river discharge for 11,113 reaches (∼10%), particularly in smaller rivers of the Syr Darya, Indus, Yangtze, and Yellow River basins. The ratio of total glacial melt and precipitation received by individual river reach showed an average significant increase of 2.2% per year, particularly in the Syr Darya, Amu Darya and Western Indus rivers. Across HMA, our results also indicate that 8% of river reaches with either planned and existing hydropower plants or dams experienced a statistically significant average increase of 2.9% per year in stream power. These findings illustrate the rapidly changing patterns of river discharge and stream power in HMA.
Authors
- Deepak Subedi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-7094)
- Ria Jhoanna Ducusin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0991-5496)
- Girish Raj Lamsal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7552-2765)
- L. A. Stearns (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7358-7015)
- Jida Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-8918)
- Fadji Zaouna Maina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3126-4343)
- Divas B. Basnyat
- Noemi Vergopolan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7298-0509)
- Casey Brown (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8248-041X)
- Myron Malisse Lummus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9068-0745)
- Alexander Prusevich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9529-443X)
- Xinchen He (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4391-6911)
- Alexandra R. McLarty
- Richard B. Lammers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-5834)
- Lauren C. Andrews (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3727-4737)
- Colin Joseph Gleason (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3525-6220)
- Craig Brinkerhoff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6701-4835)
- Manuela Girotto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2795-2063)
- Elena Shevliakova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-2166)
- Elisa Friedmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9372-2318)
- Jonathan A. Flores (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-9096)
- Sujay V. Kumar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-9482)
- Dongmei Feng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-0371)
- Dongfeng Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0119-5797)
Institutions
- Goddard Space Flight Center (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of New Hampshire (US)
- Kansas State University (US)
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (US)
- York University (CA)
- Peking University (CN)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Nepal Development Research Institute (NP)
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Washington State University (US)
- Rice University (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- AGU Advances
- Published
- 2025-08-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1029/2024av001586
- Citations
- 6
- Primary Topic
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.90
Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Nuclear Safety and Security Commission