Monitoring of external respiratory recovery during postmedication (literature review)

Introduction . Monitoring of external respiration after general anesthesia is of interest for predicting complications associated specifically with delayed recovery of components of external respiration due to the residual effect of drugs. The problem of choosing optimal monitoring methods to reduce risks in the postoperative period has not yet been solved. The objective was to analyze the literature on the topic of methods for studying the state of components of external respiration during tracheal extubation. Materials and methods. New sources of literature on the PubMed (MEDLINE), eLibrary, Google Scholar database in the period from 1971 to 2024. Results . An analysis of the literature has shown that today, there are many methods for monitoring the state of respiratory components after general anesthesia, but not in all cases their prognostic assessment of the risk of complications is high. Instrumental methods have proven to be more objective than clinical ones. Measurement of the occlusive pressure of the respiratory tract, ultrasound examinations of the muscle tone of the diaphragm, accelerometric methods for assessing the restoration of neuromuscular tone give specialists an idea of the state of the links of external respiration and have high specificity and sensitivity. Conclusion . The combination of different methods that evaluate the work of several components of the respiratory system makes it possible to exclude the residual effect of drugs acting in isolation on different components of the respiratory system, thereby preventing the risk of complications after tracheal extubation.