ANALYSIS OF DYNAMOMETRIC MAPS OF VARIOUS STATES OF OPERATION OF THE ROD BOREHOLE PUMPING UNIT

The article examines the analysis of various operating conditions of a downhole pumping unit using dynamometric maps. Dynamometric maps allow you to monitor the operation of the rod pump in detail: it is possible to identify defects such as gas exposure, liquid shocks, valve leakproofness, the effect of bending the polished stem and rupture of the stem. Liquid shocks are caused by a mismatch between the displacement rate of the pump and the performance of removing liquid from the tank, which leads to excessive pumping. As a result, the pump may suffer mechanical damage due to increased deflection and wear. One of the most common defects is the lack of tightness of the discharge valve or plunger. To understand the shape of the dynamometer card when the intake valve leaks, it must be borne in mind that the dynamometer card of the well shows the load depending on the displacement above the plunger. Therefore, a leak in the intake valve indicates its effect on the plunger load. Excessive accumulation of gas inside the pump can lead to a situation where the gas is completely clogged, when the gas stops working and the intake and discharge valves remain closed. Low and high displacement of the plunger also affects this condition, as leaks disrupt the efficient operation of the valves and adversely affect pump performance. A polished rod that has a malfunction is usually characterized by its bending. This bending causes significant friction between the stem and the stuffing box of the wellhead. Such friction can lead to oil leakage from the mouth or even breakage of the polished stem itself. Keywords: pump, dynamometer, plunger, discharge valve, intake valve, liquid, pump card shape, polished rod.