Study the Levels of Adrenaline and Prolactin as a Stress Monitoring Biomarkers in the Patients with Alopecia Areata in Babylon Governorate

Background: Men and women are equally affected by the common, non-scarring, inflammatory kind of hair loss known as alopecia areata. It has a 2% cumulative lifetime incidence and affects 0.1% to 0.2% of the general population in the US. Moreover, a major cause of hair loss is stress. As a result, the adrenal gland releases catecholamines and glucocorticoids, which have an impact on the vasculature to raise blood pressure, the metabolism to supply quick energy, and the immune system by inhibiting extended activation. Objective: Investigating the possible involvement of stress in the pathophysiology of alopecia areata is the goal of this study. Furthermore, to clarify the possible application of a stress monitoring biomarker as an alopecia areata diagnostic indication. Materials and methods: Sixty male patients with alopecia areata and sixty male controls who seemed to be in excellent health participated in a case-control study. Furthermore, the alopecia areata patients were divided into two age groups: adults and non-adults. Adrenaline and prolactin levels were measured using blood samples. Along with other characteristics, age and BMI were assessed. By dividing weight in kilograms by height squared, the BMI was computed. Studies utilizing statistical methods, such as Pearson correlation and ROC-curve analysis, were conducted to assess the diagnostic precision of prolactin and adrenaline. Results: The results of this study indicated that the patient group's adult adrenalin and prolactin concentrations rose considerably (p<0.05), but the child's serum prolactin levels did not significantly change between the two groups (p-value >0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that prolactin and adrenaline may play important roles in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA).