Research on ship central cooling water system control based on PSO-BP-PID optimization

Abstract The ship’s central cooling water system is a key auxiliary system for maintaining the safe and efficient operation of the main engine and auxiliary equipment. Its energy consumption accounts for 65%-70% of the total energy consumption of the ship. The traditional fixed-speed seawater pump design has flow redundancy, and under low-load conditions, the cooling demand can only be achieved through throttling regulation, resulting in significant energy waste. This paper takes the “Long Whale 6” dredger as the research object. It establishes a dynamic mathematical model of the cooling water system for the three-way valve, the core component of CCWS, including the seawater pump flow distribution model, the outlet temperature model, and the dynamic coupling model with the central cooler. On this basis, a control strategy for optimizing PID parameters based on the BP neural network is proposed, and the performance of the BP network is further optimized in combination with the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that this optimization method significantly improves the dynamic response ability of the cooling water system under complex working conditions, reduces the energy consumption of the system, enhances the robustness of the controller, and provides technical support for the improvement of ship energy efficiency.