Research on state early warning method for reactive power compensation devices

Abstract Reactive power compensation devices are core equipment for maintaining voltage stability in power systems. Their failures may lead to grid collapse, with overvoltage and overcurrent being the dominant external factors causing device failures. Variations in capacitance values reflect major existing faults. This paper proposes a multi-state collaborative early warning technology that integrates higher-order statistics, harmonic equivalent heating models, and dynamic control chart methods to achieve early warnings for overvoltage, overcurrent, and capacitance deviations. Validation at a 220 kV substation in Shandong Province demonstrates that the proposed method enhances the operational reliability of reactive power compensation devices, providing new insights for intelligent maintenance of power equipment.