Advanced deep attention neural inference network for enhanced arrhythmia detection and accurate classification

Arrhythmias are irregular heartbeats that can lead to severe health risks, including sudden cardiac death, necessitating accurate and timely detection for effective treatment. Traditional diagnostic methods such as stress tests, resting electrocardiograms (ECGs), and 24-hour Holter monitors are limited by their monitoring capacity and often result in delayed diagnoses, compromising patient safety. To address these challenges, this paper introduces the deep attention neural inference network (DANIN) methodology. DANIN integrates one-dimensional ECG signals with two-dimensional spectral images using multi-modal feature fusion, capturing comprehensive cardiac information in both temporal and frequency domains. The methodology employs advanced deep attention network-based models for superior feature extraction, recognizing intricate patterns and long-range dependencies within the data. Additionally, the inclusion of an inference model system enhances interpretability and usability, making the model highly suitable. Further, DANIN is evaluated considering the MIT-BIH dataset, and extensive comparative analysis with state-of-the-art techniques demonstrates that DANIN significantly improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, highlighting its potential to revolutionize arrhythmia detection and improve patient outcomes.