A multi-tier framework of decentralized computing environment for precision agriculture (DCEPA)

Although collecting enormous volumes of heterogeneous data from many sensors and guaranteeing real-time decision-making are problems, precision agriculture (PA) has emerged as a promising approach to increase agricultural efficiency. The efficacy of current centralized solutions is limited in large-scale agricultural settings due to resource limitations and data saturation. In order to solve these problems, this paper suggests a decentralized computing environment for precision agriculture (DECPA), which divides resource management and data processing among several layers (end, edge, and cloud). DECPA optimizes task execution and resource allocation in the field by utilizing ensemble machine learning models (deep neural network (DNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), autoencoder (AE), and support vector machine (SVM)) and a multi-tier architecture. The findings demonstrate that DECPA combined with DNN performs better than alternative models, achieving a 20% decrease in energy usage, an 18% speedup in response time, a 5% improvement in accuracy, and a 51% reduction in latency. This illustrates the system’s capacity to manage massive amounts of data effectively while preserving peak performance. To sum up, DECPA uses decentralized resources and cutting-edge machine learning models to provide a scalable and affordable precision agriculture solution. To improve the system’s flexibility and real-time responsiveness, future research will investigate additional optimization and use in various agricultural contexts.