Development of ResNet-18 architecture to lesion identification in breast ultrasound images

Breast ultrasound (USG) is widely used for early breast cancer detection, but challenges such as noise, low contrast, and resolution limitations hinder accurate lesion identification. This study proposes a modified residual network-18 (ResNet-18) architecture for breast lesion segmentation, aimed at improving detection accuracy. The methodology involves preprocessing steps including red green blue (RGB) to Grayscale conversion, contrast stretching, and median filtering to enhance image quality. The modified ResNet-18 model introduces additional convolutional layers to refine feature extraction. The proposed model was trained and validated on 30 breast ultrasound images, with evaluation metrics including accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Experimental results indicate that the modified architecture outperforms the baseline model, achieving an average accuracy of 0.97093, sensitivity of 0.90056, and specificity of 0.97705. Validation by a radiology specialist confirms the model’s clinical relevance. These findings suggest that the enhanced ResNet-18 model has the potential to assist radiologists in more accurately identifying breast lesions. Future research should focus on expanding the dataset, integrating multi-modal imaging, and optimizing model generalizability for real-time clinical applications. The study contributes to advancing artificial intelligence (AI)-driven breast cancer diagnostics, supporting early detection, and improving patient outcomes.