Design and Research of NB-IoT Lightweight End-to-End Encryption Protocol Based on Lattice Cipher

With the widespread application of the narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), its secure communication issues have become increasingly prominent. Traditional encryption algorithms do not perform well on resource-constrained NB-IoT devices, making it difficult to meet the needs of efficient and secure communication. To this end, this study proposes a lightweight end-to-end encryption protocol for NB-IoT based on Lattice cypher. This protocol takes advantage of the Lattice cryptosystem’s high security and parallel computing characteristics and designs an encryption scheme suitable for low power consumption and low bandwidth scenarios. Through experimental verification, the protocol performs well in terms of security, can provide up to 128 bits of security strength, and effectively resists various attacks. In terms of computing efficiency, compared with RSA and ECC encryption algorithms, the computing time of this protocol in key generation, encryption and decryption processes is reduced by 35%, 40% and 38%, respectively, significantly improving device operating efficiency. At the same time, this protocol controls the extra overhead of data transmission within 5%, far lower than the 10%–15% of traditional encryption protocols, effectively reducing communication costs. The NB-IoT lightweight end-to-end encryption protocol based on Lattice cipher proposed in this study provides an efficient and practical solution for secure communication in narrowband IoT and has a wide application prospect.