Analysis and Evaluation of Data from Near Space Meteorological Rocket Detection over Northwest Area in 2023

Meteorological rocket is an important in-situ detection method to obtain the fine structure of vertical distribution of atmospheric environment in near space, the detection results should have higher accuracy than ground-based or space-based remote sensing detection. Objective evaluation of the data quality is an important prerequisite for the effective use of the data. In this paper, the atmospheric temperature, wind field, density, and pressure in the altitude range of 20～60 km are obtained by using a meteorological sounding rocket launched in Qinghai in winter of 2023. The error correction of the temperature measured by thermistors is carried out. The detection results are compared with the data of remote sensing detection, empirical prediction model and reanalysis data. The results show that the rocket wind field results are in good agreement with the MERRA2 data, and the HWM empirical forecast model cannot accurately describe the atmospheric environment in the corresponding region. The measured temperature error of the rocket is gradually prominent when it is over 40 km, and the main error terms are current heating term, temperature hysteresis term and pneumatic heating term. The corrected temperature is in good agreement with the reference data, and the main difference of temperature data from different sources is that the height of the temperature inflection point in the stratosphere is different. The deviation of pressure and density results increases with altitude. The analysis believes that the quality of the rocket’s detection data is good and the accuracy is high. Through the analysis and evaluation of the data, the effectiveness and reliability of the mathematical model of atmospheric element inversion are verified.