Design of Multi-Band Circular Shaped Patch Antenna with DGS for IoT Applications

This paper demonstrates a multiband antenna design incorporating a circular patch geometry is proposed, which operates at multiple frequencies such as 4.1 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6.73 GHz specifically tailored for Internet of Things (IoT) applications for monitoring of healthcare. The antenna employs a defective ground structure (DGS) integrating two slots: one slot employed on the ground plane whereas second slot employed on radiating patch. This innovative design enhances the functionality of the antenna by improving antenna characteristics parameters. The proposed antenna achieves return losses of -35.072 dB at the resonating frequency 4.1 GHz, -19.933 dB at the resonating frequency 5 GHz, and -16.747 dB at the resonating frequency 6.73 GHz ensuring excellent impedance matching across all operating frequencies. The values of voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are 1.03 at 4.1 GHz, 1.22 at 5 GHz, and 1.34 at 6.73 GHz which indicate minimal signal reflection, contributing to efficient power transmission. Additionally, the antenna provides gains of 12.70 dBi, 2.204 dBi and 3.508 dB at the 4.1 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6.73 GHz respectively, with corresponding directivity values of 4.023 dBi, 6.408 dBi, and 6.125 dBi. Its high efficiency, compact size, and reliable performance due to integration of the DGS enable seamless integration with various IoT protocols. The results validate to meet the demands of modern IoT systems in CST studio suite reliable operation in diverse environments.