Meaning in life for residents with dementia living in long-term nursing homes: An exploratory qualitative interview-based study

Meaning in life is a key aspect of our well-being and is a central issue within the field of existential health. Knowledge is scarce on the experience of meaning in life of people living with dementia. Dementia is defined as loss of memory and other cognitive abilities, reducing the person’s ability to perform activities of daily living. This poses challenges to interviewing and including persons with dementia in qualitative research. In this study we explore how nursing home residents with dementia experience meaning in life, and how they can reflect on this existential question. We used an exploratory qualitative design with semi-structured interviews of ten people with mild to severe dementia living in one nursing home and found that conversations about meaning in life with persons with dementia were feasible. Some memories of the past were told as if they were happening here and now, and some topics were repeated several times throughout the interview. This study highlights the importance of awareness of existential themes and interventions facilitating meaning in life for this population, despite certain challenges to be overcome. The past and present merge, giving their stories a unique character. This holds significance for the moment by providing insight into how cognitive impairment might affect the perception of time. It is important to acknowledge this perspective and understand that meaning in life may be connected to memories and experiences from the past, and that this might be more prominent for this group than others.