[Characterization and Ecological Risk Assessment of Emerging Organic Pollutants in Surface Waters of the Yangtze River].

The frequent detection of emerging organic pollutants in the surface water of the Yangtze River poses a threat to ecological health, and differences exist in ecological risks in different regions, which are related to the socio-economic development of cities along the Yangtze River. To comprehensively analyze the pollution characteristics of new pollutants in the surface waters of the Yangtze River and the key factors affecting their ecological risks, this review study analyzed the data on pollutants in the Yangtze River Region from the published literature over the past 20 years. First, we used the ecological risk assessment strategy to screen the polluted areas that require attention and prioritized new pollutants, followed by revealing the links between urban social development and pollutant occurrence. The results showed that the new pollutants in the surface water of the Yangtze River mainstem included three categories, 20 subcategories, and 412 types, and the detected concentrations ranged from 10^-5 to 10³ ng·L^-1, among which the concentrations of volatile organic pollutants （VOPs）, phthalate esters （PAEs）, insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides were high. Significant differences were observed in the concentration and types of surface water pollutants among different regions, namely more in the east and less in the west, with industrial categories concentrated in the downstream （Anhui-Shanghai） and pesticides concentrated in the midstream （Wuhan-Anhui）. Most emerging pollutants with high ecological risk belonged to the industrial product category and the pharmaceutical and personal care product category. The spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants were greatly influenced by population density, urban area, per capita GDP, and the proportion of secondary industry, and the degree of human activities in cities was the main reason for the large differences in the distribution of pollutants.