Structure, Function and Application of <i>Tremella Fuciformis</i> Polysaccharide: A Review

Tremella fuciformis (TF) is a valuable edible fungus rich in various nutrients, with TF polysaccharide (TFP) as its primary bioactive component. Extensive studies have demonstrated that TFP exhibits significant bioactivities, including antioxidant, antitumor, immunomodulatory, memory-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects, as well as skin-protective properties and gut microbiota modulation. Due to these multifunctional properties, TFP has garnered considerable attention in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. This review summarizes recent research on TFP, focusing on its preparation methods, structural characteristics, and diverse biological activities. Additionally, it provides a theoretical basis for the potential applications of TFP in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, while also discussing future research directions and development prospects.