Shared and Distinct Alterations in Brain Structure of Youth With Internalizing or Externalizing Disorders: Findings From the ENIGMA Antisocial Behavior, ADHD, Major Depressive Disorder, and Anxiety Working Groups
Both common and disorder-specific alterations were identified, with regions involved in salience attribution and emotion processing implicated across internalizing and externalizing disorders. These novel findings can guide future research targeting common biological processes across youth psychiatric disorders as well as features unique to individual disorders.
Authors
- Olivier F. Colins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9532-2544)
- Julian Wiemer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7460-0952)
- Lin Sørensen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2112-8957)
- Christina Stadler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-0635)
- Kathryn R. Cullen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9631-3770)
- Anderson M. Winkler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4169-9781)
- Laura K. M. Han (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9647-3723)
- Cindy C. Hagan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4576-7120)
- Janina Neufeld (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7743-526X)
- Lianne Schmaal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-048X)
- Mon‐Ju Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0540-8027)
- Bharath Holla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-1237)
- K. Luan Phan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8693-6690)
- Narcı́s Cardoner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9633-0888)
- Jan K. Buitelaar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8288-7757)
- Jaap Oosterlaan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0218-5630)
- Nicola Toschi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-5833)
- Marta Cano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0675-9483)
- Benjamín Straube (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-1720)
- Ulrike Lueken (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-4012)
- Norbert Skokauskas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9195-4621)
- Ben J. Harrison (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-2074)
- Tobias Banaschewski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144)
- Elisabeth Johanna Leehr (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-5003)
- Catharina Annette Hartman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-8859)
- Sophia I. Thomopoulos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0046-4070)
- Robert R. J. M. Vermeiren (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-2207)
- Thomas Straube
- Neda Jahanshad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-8950)
- Karim Ibrahim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8205-6723)
- Alasdair Vance (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-9769)
- Arielle Baskin–Sommers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6773-0508)
- Esther Walton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0935-2200)
- Colm G. Connolly (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4051-3682)
- Laura Blanco‐Hinojo
- Francisco Rivero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-8053)
- Arjun Sethi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5352-4164)
- Denis G. Sukhodolsky (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5401-792X)
- Dominik Grotegerd (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-0128)
- Joel T. Nigg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0003-3024)
- Daniel Brandeis
- Susanne L. Meinert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2177-7161)
- Alfons O. Hamm (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3352-6231)
- Xianliang Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-5374)
- Willem B. Bruin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-8903)
- Elisabeth Schrammen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8710-1274)
- Luca Passamonti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7937-0615)
- Benson Mwangi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1717-4395)
- Lilianne R. Mujica‐Parodi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-5519)
- Hannah Meinert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2230-0966)
- Qiong Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0749-7529)
- Yidian Gao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5979-2677)
- Hamidreza Jamalabadi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-2374)
- Julia Wendt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2299-5881)
- Ruth Tuura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5932-7786)
- Nic J.A. van der Wee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3235-1633)
- Barbara Franke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-6572)
- Elena Pozzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8360-5571)
- Anne Schienle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2173-6626)
- Sophie Townend (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3731-2619)
- Martin J. Herrmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9970-2122)
- Kerstin Jessica Plessen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6145)
- Michael C. Stevens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-5465)
- Linda Meredith Bonnekoh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4560-7039)
- Thomas Frodl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8113-6959)
- Yannis Paloyelis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-3720)
- James Blair (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6377-2361)
- Jordan W. Smoller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6334)
- Kate Sully
- Xiaoqiang Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3399-7260)
- Charlotte A. M. Cecil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2389-5922)
- Giovana Zunta‐Soares
- Tiffany Cheing Ho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-6364)
- Ren Ma (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9945-2765)
- Christine M. Freitag (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9676-4782)
- Ole Jonas Boeken (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1727-3625)
- Nina Alexander (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7412-0163)
- Robert Moeck
- Kevin Hilbert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7986-4113)
- Gustavo Sudre (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5949-5413)
- Till Langhammer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6729-956X)
- Kerstin Konrad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9039-2615)
- Jarosław M. Michałowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5811-740X)
- Gisele Gus Manfro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0109-7591)
- Christopher G. Davey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-3852)
- Sven Bölte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-4970)
- Katie L. Burkhouse (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9214-732X)
- Tim Hahn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-3795)
- Jan Haavik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7865-2808)
- Peter Zwanzger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5385-8188)
- Koen Schruers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0134-406X)
- Qingsen Ming
- Timothy J. Silk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-512X)
- Frank P. MacMaster (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7159-7583)
- Martine Hoogman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-7628)
- Marlene Staginnus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4739-6271)
- Michael Craig (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-8673)
- Moji Aghajani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2040-4881)
- Daifeng Dong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6527-6388)
- Andreas Ströhle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0935-3702)
- Udo Dannlowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0623-3759)
- Tilo T. J. Kircher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-2625)
- Chad M. Sylvester (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2154-0826)
- Joscha Böhnlein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-5599)
- Andrea Parolin Jackowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-5406)
- Luisa Lázaro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8425-5750)
- Monica E. Calkins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0546-0263)
- Nynke A. Groenewold (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0865-8427)
- Yunbo Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9061-9883)
- Sarah Whittle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3145-1528)
- Vivek Benegal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-9689)
- Anne Martinelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7158-9778)
- Graeme F. Fairchild (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-9938)
- Katya Rubia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-7701)
- Albert Wabnegger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1170-4639)
- Steven J.A. van der Werff
- Dan Joseph Stein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810)
- Mark A. Bellgrove (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-8349)
- Anna Kraus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2627-4563)
- Giovanni Abrahão Salum (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-7289)
- Stéphane A. De Brito (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-6185)
- David Coghill (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3017-9737)
- André Zugman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6126-7759)
- Hyuntaek Oh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-6360)
- Jonna Kuntsi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0113-8162)
- Hans‐Ulrich Wïttchen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6311-7711)
- Jiansong Zhou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2135-2139)
- Ramiro Salas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-566X)
- Jair C. Soares (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5628)
- Liesbet Goossens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-2732)
- Fabian Breuer
- Janna Marie Bas‐Hoogendam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8982-1670)
- Shuqiao Yao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6681-6844)
- Rodrigo A. Bressan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-4449)
- Andrea Dietrich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2538-6136)
- Karl Lundin Remnélius (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0270-8358)
- Pedro Mário Pan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-6520)
- Paul M. Thompson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4720-8867)
- Adrián I. Campos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3468-8619)
- Yali Jiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4786-0465)
- Jibiao Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6683-3254)
- Jesús Pujol (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9946-4547)
- Hui Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2479-1197)
- Günter Schumann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-6469)
- Pieter J. Hoekstra
- Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Daniel S. Pine
- Volker Arolt
- Wenceslao Peñate (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4787-8905)
- Ruben C Gur
- Raquel E. Gur
- Xiaoping Wang
Institutions
- Florida State University (US)
- South African Medical Research Council (ZA)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Leiden University (NL)
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Birmingham City University (GB)
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center (US)
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Nationwide Children's Hospital (US)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- Central South University (CN)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Deakin University (AU)
- Cisco Systems (China) (CN)
- University of Hildesheim (DE)
- University of Cape Town (ZA)
- University of Graz (AT)
- Universidad de La Laguna (ES)
- Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- University of Potsdam (DE)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- King's College London (GB)
- Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SE)
- South China Normal University (CN)
- University of Erfurt (DE)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- University of Applied Sciences Leiden (NL)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- University of Münster (DE)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of Würzburg (DE)
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald (DE)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
- Mental Health Services (DK)
- Stony Brook University Hospital (US)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- University Hospital Heidelberg (DE)
- Groote Schuur Hospital (ZA)
- The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (US)
- Nova Scotia Health Authority (CA)
- Gentofte Hospital (DK)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- University College Birmingham (GB)
- Ghent University (BE)
- Yale University (US)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Soochow University (CN)
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- MSH Medical School Hamburg – University of Applied Sciences and Medical University (DE)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (US)
- Orygen Youth Health (AU)
- Emma Kinderziekenhuis (NL)
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (BR)
- University Hospital Münster (DE)
- Central Institute of Mental Health (DE)
- NeuroDevelopment Center (US)
- Amsterdam Neuroscience (NL)
- Menninger Clinic (US)
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (ES)
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Inn-Salzach-Klinikum (DE)
- Accare (NL)
- Universitätsklinikum Aachen (DE)
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (CN)
- Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (DE)
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (US)
- Penn Center for AIDS Research (US)
- University Children's Hospital Zurich (CH)
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences (DE)
- Hospital Del Mar (ES)
- University Hospital Frankfurt (DE)
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (DE)
- University of Minnesota Medical Center (US)
- Stockholm Health Care Services (SE)
- Biomedical Research Institute (US)
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ES)
- Universidad Europea de Canarias (ES)
- Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (CN)
- Melbourne Health (AU)
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin (DE)
- Medical Research Network (US)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik (DE)
- Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel (CH)
- National Institute of Mental Health (CZ)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- University of Bergen (NO)
- Poznań University of Technology (PL)
- University of Bath (GB)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Monash University (AU)
- FH Münster University of Applied Sciences (DE)
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IN)
- Olin Corporation (United States) (US)
- Universitat de Barcelona (ES)
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Bethel University (US)
- Bath Spa University (GB)
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- University of Lausanne (CH)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Biological Psychiatry
- Published
- 2025-08-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.08.003
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.86
Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council