Evaluation of the Retreatability and Different Supplementary Cleaning Techniques for Removing Bioceramic Sealers in Oval‐Shaped Canals

This study evaluated the retreatability of two bioceramic-based sealers in oval-shaped canals and the effectiveness of supplementary cleaning techniques for removing sealer remnants. Mandibular premolars were obturated with either NeoSEALER Flo or AH Plus Bioceramic. After obturation, specimens were retreated followed by supplementary cleaning with XP-Endo Finisher R, EasyClean, or passive ultrasonic irrigation. Sealer remnants were analysed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. AH Plus Bioceramic showed a significantly lower residual sealer percentage than NeoSEALER Flo in the coronal and middle thirds. XP-Endo Finisher R was more effective for NeoSEALER Flo in the apical third, while passive ultrasonic irrigation was superior for AH Plus Bioceramic in the coronal and middle thirds. Scanning electron microscopy revealed sealer remnants in all groups, with partial obstruction of dentinal tubules. Bioceramic sealers exhibit different retreatability, and supplementary cleaning protocols improved sealer removal, but none achieved complete canal wall cleanliness.