Anatomical variations of the ovarian veins and their clinical implications: a meta-analysis

This meta-analysis highlights critical anatomical and clinical features of the ovarian veins. The left OV is wider and more frequently incompetent than the right, supporting the left-sided predominance of pelvic congestion syndrome. Drainage patterns confirm classical anatomy - right OV to inferior vena cava, left OV to left renal vein - but rare variants must be considered during interventions. OV duplication, though rare, poses a risk of incomplete embolization if unrecognized. These findings underscore the need for side-specific imaging and thorough anatomical evaluation to improve diagnosis, embolization outcomes, and surgical planning in pelvic venous disorders.