The characteristics of drug users in rehabilitation centers in the West Bank, Palestine: A retrospective descriptive study

Drug abuse is a pressing global public health issue. In the West Bank, Palestine, societal stigma around substance use obstructs open conversations and precise evaluations, underscoring the importance of a thorough assessment of drug users in rehabilitation facilities. This study aimed to explore the epidemiology of drug abuse among Palestinian patients in rehabilitation centers and the treatment modalities employed. The study examined 1,141 medical files of patients aged 14-73 years from two rehabilitation centers, covering the period from 2014 to 2023. The majority (73.67%) were young adults (18-39 years), tobacco smokers (97.3%), and alcohol users (44.3%). Additionally, 8.2% of patients were diagnosed with various infections, primarily hepatitis C. Most patients sought treatment voluntarily, with 78.2% entering the centers through self-referral. The most commonly detected substances in the urine samples were cannabis (35.2%), morphine (38.8%), benzodiazepines (32.8%), and ecstasy (21%). Furthermore, 35.37% of patients were prescribed carbamazepine, while 30.71% received methadone, with 61.3% struggling to adhere to their prescribed regimens. The relapse rate was high (82.5%), with 6.2% of patients experiencing three or more relapses. The key factors contributing to relapse included peer influence and withdrawal symptoms. The analysis of treatment modalities employed highlighted a comprehensive integration of pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and social support systems, emphasizing a holistic approach to recovery. The insights derived from this study aim to inform policymakers and healthcare providers about the specific needs of drug users in rehabilitation, ultimately contributing to the enhancement of treatment strategies and public health initiatives in the region.