Co-Opetition Strategies of Superior and Subordinate Hospitals for Integration of Electronic Health Records Within the Medical Consortiums in China Based on Two-Party Evolutionary Game Theory: Mixed Methods Study

Medical consortiums should actively involve all levels and different types of medical institutions, and continuously improve hospitals' willingness and ability to use EHR through training, assistance, support, and sinking of medical resources, etc. The government should establish a reward and punishment system, optimize the operation and supervision mechanism of medical consortiums, and monitor and punish opportunism behaviors such as "free-riding." It is also crucial to strengthen the construction of hospital informatization infrastructure and improve the technical, content, and sharing standards for EHR construction. In addition, designing reward and punishment mechanisms as well as cost accounting based on "unit EHR resources" is also of great significance for promoting the EHR integration.