Advancements in Mechanized Palm Oil Processing: Harnessing Automation, Robotics, and Circular Economy Principles for Sustainable Productivity

This study examines recent advances in mechanized palm oil treatment and emphasizes innovations in harvesting, milling, core recovery, and digital integration. Mechanization has greatly increased productivity, working dependence has decreased, and the quality and stability of the product have improved. Robotic, automated milling systems and smart surveillance technologies provide examples of exact agriculture and Industry 4.0. However, due to high capital costs, skills intervals, and infrastructure limits, adoption among smallholders is uneven. The review also highlights the role of circular economics practice in reducing by-products and reducing the environmental impact. A multi-interest holder approach that includes the improvement of policy, financial aid, and training is crucial for inclusive mechanization throughout the field.