Factors Affecting Orchard Farmers Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in District Swat

This study examines how farmers in the villages of Dakorak and Gulibagh in Swat District are adapting to the impacts of climate change. Using purposive sampling, 310 households were selected, and primary data were collected through a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Analysis through SPSS-based descriptive statistics showed that 27% of respondents had completed secondary education, and 25.1% cultivated land between 11–20 kanals. A substantial proportion (85.8%) observed significant changes in temperature, and 87.7% had implemented adaptation strategies.The most commonly adopted strategies included changes in irrigation timing (82.2%), mixed farming practices (61.6%), basic storage techniques (16.7%), the use of weather forecasting apps (53.8%), and application of chemical sprays (83.5%). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that education level, farming experience, and farm size had statistically significant positive effects on adaptation behavior. The study concludes that a majority of respondents are aware of climate change and are taking proactive measures. It recommends focused awareness programs and policy support to enhance adaptation capacity at the grassroots level.