Predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia occurrence and severity in extremely preterm infants

In conclusion, the occurrence and severity of BPD in EPIs are influenced by prolonged IMV, frequent RBCTs, fluid overload, excessive antibiotic exposure, and hsPDA. Early interventions targeting modifiable factors, such as reducing IMV duration, maintaining an appropriate negative FB on postnatal day 7, and optimizing transfusion protocols, are critical to prevent moderate-to-severe BPD.