A Simple Closed-Form CAD Approach for Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization of Passive Networks Against Load Variations

This contribution presents a CAD approach based on closed-form analytic formulas that allow for a straightforward evaluation of the sensitivity of passive networks to load variations. Despite being based on very basic formulas for 2-port networks, to the author's knowledge this approach has never been presented before in this form, nor applied to CAD optimization. Based on conformal mapping properties, the proposed technique provides the designer with simple formulas for computing and plotting sensitivity circles and maximum error due to load variations. Examples of application to biasing network optimization and matching network load-sensitivity analysis are discussed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.