Prony Analysis with Easy Order Selection Method Applied to Power System Simulations

This paper proposes an easy-to-implement algorithm for selecting the appropriate order in Prony analysis, a critical step for reliably detecting and analyzing oscillations in power systems. By using an RMS Energy Filter, the algorithm identifies dominant frequency components and optimizes order selection. Applied to real oscillation data, the algorithm successfully detects oscillatory frequencies with negative damping. To validate its effectiveness, the algorithm is tested on actual oscillation cases observed in the ISO New England system and further evaluated using PSS/E simulations with synchronous condenser additions in the Korean power grid. Two fault scenarios (generator disconnection and bus disconnection) are analyzed to evaluate the impact of synchronous condensers on system oscillations. Results reveal that synchronous condensers can either mitigate or amplify oscillations depending on system conditions. The findings highlight that the proposed method aims to accurate order selection in Prony analysis, which contributes to reliable assessment of oscillatory behaviors in power systems. This study provides insights into the role of synchronous condensers in system stability and lays the groundwork for further research into oscillation mitigation strategies.