Causal Relationships Between Abdominal Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, Fasting Insulin, and Cervical Disc Disorders, Osteoporosis, and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Genetically predicted WHR and T2D were associated with an increased risk of RA. Additionally, T2D and FI increased the risk of cervical disc disorders, while T2D was found to have a protective role against OP. These findings provide novel insights into the interplay between metabolic factors and prevalent orthopedic conditions, offering valuable implications for clinical decision-making and targeted disease management strategies.