Intraosseous myofibroma of the mandible in a 15 year old: case report and review of the literature

Myofibromas are rare, benign spindle cell tumours occuring in the first two decades of life, with predilection for the head and neck region. Intraosseous myofibromas of the mandible are exceptionally rare, with fewer than 50 reported cases. We describe the case of a 15-year-old male with an enlarging, painless oral mass causing third molar displacement. Examination revealed an exophytic sublingual lesion with a necrotic surface. Imaging demonstrated a well-defined osteolytic lesion in the mandibular body with soft tissue extension. Biopsy confirmed intraosseous myofibroma, characterized by bland spindle cell proliferation and hemangiopericytoma-like vasculature. The patient underwent a marginal mandibulectomy. Postoperative recovery was uneventful; follow-up imaging at 6 months confirmed no recurrence. Oral rehabilitation is ongoing. This case highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management in treating rare mandibular tumours. Surgical resection remains the definitive treatment.