An animal model study of simplified optical navigation system-assisted percutaneous lumbar transforaminal puncture

The simplified optical navigation system developed using optical tracking technology and 3D Slicer software can effectively assist percutaneous lumbar transforaminal puncture procedures. This navigation system provides direct visualization of the target anatomy, enables precise localization of puncture points and accurate adjustment of needle trajectories, thereby reducing procedural uncertainty and technical difficulty. The system significantly improves puncture accuracy while markedly decreasing both the number of puncture attempts and fluoroscopy exposures compared to conventional techniques.