Enhancing gutta-percha with silver mesoporous calcium silicate nanoparticles for advanced endodontic applications

Gutta-percha materials incorporated with 10% MCSNs or Ag-MCSNs demonstrated enhanced bioactivity, biomineralization, and antibacterial properties compared to the control GP, while maintaining suitable levels of biocompatibility in accordance with ISO 10993/2009 standards. The incorporation of Ag-MCSNs significantly improved antibacterial effects, particularly against Enterococcus faecalis, and increased radiopacity, making it a promising material for root canal therapy.