Reporting of Tobacco Use and Health Outcomes Among Transgender and Gender-Expansive People in Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy Research: 1980–2024

There are tobacco disparities for transgender and gender expansive (TGE) individuals and a growing demand for gender affirming hormone treatment (GAHT). This was the first systematic review of existing literature exploring the association between tobacco use and GAHT among TGE people. Results highlight the need for accurate tobacco use assessment and follow-up for patients pursuing GAHT in future studies exploring the association between tobacco use and GAHT-related outcomes. All healthcare professionals have TGE patients and should be aware of the risks between GAHT and tobacco, assess and record tobacco use accurately, and offer cessation assistance.