ECBSecDA: Edge Computing and Blockchain-Based Security Data Aggregation Scheme in a Smart Grid

The smart grid, which integrates with many advanced technologies and applications, brings great convenience for the data interaction between users and service providers. It is inevitable to collect a large amount of fine-grained, real-time data of users. However, these data transmissions have a huge communication burden and security issue in the smart grid. Therefore, this paper proposes an Edge Computing and Blockchain-based Security Data Aggregation scheme (ECBSecDA) for secure and fast data aggregation. This scheme is a three-layer data aggregation framework including user layer, edge computing layer and blockchain layer, and each layer uses Paillier cryptosystem to encrypt and then aggregate data. In user layer, we improve group signature by sharing group parameters for reducing communication overhead. In edge computing layer, we use group signature tracking algorithm to identify the attackers’ identity and make them re-register. Then, we design an edge node diversion algorithm to deal with big data flow issues for the aggregated data from the user layer, achieving low latency communication. Finally, the blockchain layer further aggregates and manages the received data from edge computing layer. This paper analyzes the security of our scheme, which ensures the privacy of users’ data. We conducted some comparisons with relevant work, and experimental results show that our scheme has lower computation cost and communication overhead.