Comparative Investigation of Cardiac Injury Mediated by IL-40 and Oxidative Stress Markers in Pericardial Fluid and Serum

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The aim of this study was to investigate IL-40 levels in preoperative blood and intraoperative pericardial fluid samples obtained from healthy individuals and patients with diagnosed heart disease who were scheduled for open heart surgery to determine whether it is a biomarker for cardiovascular diseases. <i>Material and Methods</i>: A total of 90 individuals were included in the study and divided into three groups. Group 1 (Healthy Group, n = 45): Blood was collected from a total of 45 healthy men and women over 18 years of age without any diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Group 2 (Patient Group 1, n = 45): In this group, blood samples from a total of 45 male and female patients over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of heart disease and scheduled for open heart surgery were studied. Group 3 (Patient Group 2, n = 45): Pericardial fluids were obtained from patients in Group 3 immediately after pericardial incision during surgery. IL-40, TAS, TOS and OSI levels in blood plasma and pericardial fluid were determined by the ELISA kit method. <i>Results</i>: In the statistical analysis between the groups, IL-40, TOS and OSI levels were found to be higher in the patient group and in the pericardial fluid (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while TAS was higher in the control group. It was considered statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>Conclusions</i>: IL-40, TOS and OSI levels were elevated in patient serum and pericardial fluid. Therefore, we suggest that IL-40 may be a new biomarker for the detection of cardiovascular diseases.