Preclinical Evaluation of Dental Students' Performance in Fabricating Maxillary Wax Spacers and Light-Cured Special Trays

This study evaluated second-year dental students’ skills in fabricating upper special trays with wax spacers using a modified self-designed checklist to reduce preventable errors (PEs). Conducted at Attahadi University, Libya, the cross-sectional study involved three reviewers identifying common PEs in removable prosthodontics preclinical training. Ethical approval was obtained (SREC/010/74). Non-parametric statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square) were applied (significance: P ≤ 0.05). Results showed significant performance variations among groups and genders. Females outperformed males in Group 1 (P = 0.003) and Group 2 (P = 0.01), though gender differences were negligible in most groups, suggesting individual/group factors were more influential. High-performing groups (Group 6, 10, 12) excelled in adaptation, stopper placement, and finishing (P = 0.0001 for spacer wax; P = 0.001 for trays). Lower-performing groups (Groups 8, 9, and 11) had 20% "poor to be redone" scores. Most students (73.9–95.6%) achieved "excellent work," with none in "not accepted" or "minor modifications" categories. The study underscores the efficacy of structured checklists in improving preclinical performance. Tailored training and standardized tools are recommended to address skill gaps, ensuring better clinical preparedness