Building a circular battery economy: Insights on progress in Norway

Driven by developments in the automotive, maritime, and energy storage sectors, the global demand for batteries grows. Due to the high use of virgin resources and energy in production, rare earth metals, and potential high emissions, it is essential that circular economy (CE) principles are integrated into the battery value chain. This approach is key to improving sustainability by extending battery life and reducing battery waste via second use and improving recycling pathways. In Norway, significant stocks of waste electric vehicle (EV) batteries are projected in the near future due to the highly established end market for EVs. This has led to a growing interest in the recycling, repurposing, and reusing of batteries; all of which are argued to contribute to a circular battery economy. This paper publishes findings from a national survey assessing current CE practices, obstacles, and stakeholder perspectives across Norway’s battery value chain. By aligning with national and upcoming EU regulations, the paper outlines strategic recommendations to strengthen the Norway’s global market position and sustainability and provides a path forward for industry actors to follow towards battery circularity.