Review of Inertia Support Research for Grid-Forming VSC-HVDC

In recent years, much attention has been paid to the inertia support control of grid forming (GFM) VSC-HVDC transmission system. Aiming for this scenario, the inertia control requirements are firstly analyzed, and then several typical inertia support control methods utilizing sub-module capacitor energy, additional energy configured in converter station, and the energy in renewable stations are summarized. On this basis, detailed inertia support schemes for GFM VSC-HVDC is presented. The principle and control strategy of improved inertia support control are presented, and related comparison with the conventional control is also carried out. Moreover, two configurations of additional energy storage are demonstrated and compared. Finally, the engineering application is presented.