A Systematic Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence has had a profound impact on education. This study, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method, analyzes 281 studies on the application of generative artificial intelligence in education. The results of this study can assist researchers in better understanding: (1) What are the key characteristics of the literature on generative artificial intelligence in education? (2) What is the current state of research on generative artificial intelligence in education? (3) How can generative artificial intelligence empower education to promote high-quality educational development? By examining these questions, we found that generative artificial intelligence in education presents contradictions—diverse demands and limited practice. Therefore, future efforts should focus on constructing region-specific large language models, educational corpora, and prompt engineering, thus further promoting the high-quality development of education.