Research on Optimal Operation Strategy of Integrated Energy System Considering Low-Carbon Demand Response of Flexible Load

In integrated energy systems (IES) with wind power, the simultaneous introduction of carbon trading mechanisms and flexible load demand response (FLDR) can effectively reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, significantly improving overall system benefits. This paper proposes an optimal operation strategy for IES considering lowcarbon demand response of flexible loads. First, the fundamental concepts and mathematical models of carbon trading mechanisms and flexible load demand response are introduced. Based on the general IES model, the carbon trading mechanism is incorporated into the optimization framework, accounting for carbon trading costs throughout the entire energy supply chain. Flexible loads are classified into reducible, shiftable, and translatable loads, and a low-carbon economic operation model for IES considering flexible loads is established. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model and method are validated through a standard energy test system.