Modeling Virtual Syncronous Generator Control (VSGC) for Frequency Stability of Power Plants Based on Dynamic Renewable Energy (DRE)

In recent decades, there has been a significant shift from conventional to non-conventional energy sources. Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has emerged as a promising alternative and has received considerable attention. However, integrating solar power plants into the power system poses technical challenges. The absence of rotating components in solar power plants reduces system inertia, making the frequency response more sensitive. This research proposes a solution to these challenges, a control system designed to maintain system stability during the integration process. The implemented approach involves virtual synchronous generator control (VSGC), with its parameters optimized via the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. Functioning as a virtual synchronous generator, the VSGC delivers synthetic inertia and damping to promptly counteract power variations occurring in the solar power plant. Two types of power plants were considered in the simulations, a diesel power plant and a Solar photovoltaic that have been equipped with a VSGC system. The simulation results demonstrate that prior to the implementation of VSGC, the system frequency diminished to 47.41 Hz at the sixth second. However, following the integration of VSGC that has been optimized employing the PSO algorithm, the decline in system frequency was curtailed, attaining 47.94 Hz at the sixth second. This observation signifies that the implementation of VSGC that has been optimized employing the PSO algorithm within the power system can enhance the system frequency response, thereby ensuring stability and safeguarding optimal performance.