Nanoscale Diagnosis and Therapy: Nanotheranostics as an Advance in Nanotechnology

The term "nanotechnology," introduced in 1986, refers to the emergence of a novel technology poised to transform existing protocols at the nanoscale. For many years, publications regarding nanotechnology have generated significant expectations related to discoveries and solutions. In 1990, with the inception of green chemistry, the scientific community began to reassess its approach, inspired by adaptations of protocols established by various eco-friendly institutions. Consequently, researchers specializing in nanotechnology embarked on a new quest to develop innovative protocols centered on the biosynthesis of nanostructures. Green nanotechnology emerged on the global stage as a result of the collective endeavors of the scientific community, culminating in a noteworthy scientific contribution, particularly from the year 2010 onward. However, from this point forward, the evolution of nanotechnology has increasingly integrated therapeutic and diagnostic functions within nanostructures. Theranostics itself represents a significant advancement in science. Furthermore, when green nanotechnology is coupled with theranostics, the benefits derived from this combination are profound. This review article will examine the evolutionary trajectory of nanotechnology, culminating in theranostic green nanotechnology, which, on an evolutionary scale, exemplifies the most desirable developments in contemporary science while highlighting successful applications associated with this innovative technology.