From Global Models to Regional Solutions: Multimodal Transportation Strategies for Kachchh-Gujarat, India

Amid rapid global shifts in transportation, regional areas like Kachchh, Gujarat face unique mobility challenges due to dispersed settlements and limited infrastructure. This study explores how global multimodal transportation strategies can be adapted to develop a sustainable, efficient, and context-sensitive framework for Kachchh. Using a comparative case study method, the research draws on successful models from Europe, Asia, Australia, America and Africa. The methodology integrates literature review, policy analysis, and synthesis of key performance indicators—ridership, emissions, and connectivity—alongside stakeholder consultations in Kachchh. Rather than employing a traditional control sample, the study benchmarks global best practices and emphasizes innovative approaches such as informal-formal transport integration and demand-responsive services tailored to rural-urban dynamics. Key findings reveal that integrated fare systems boost ridership by 12–18%, Mobility-as-a-Service (M-a-a-S) shifts 15–25% of trips from private vehicles, and Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) accelerate infrastructure rollout by 30%. Additionally, hybrid transport models improve last-mile access by 20–35%, while Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs) reduce CO₂ emissions by 8–14%. The proposed framework combines state-led infrastructure development with user-centric service models, offering a scalable solution for underdeveloped regions. It aligns with global trends while providing novel insights into regional mobility planning, offering practical guidance for policymakers and transport planners aiming to enhance accessibility, sustainability, and efficiency in similar contexts.