EVOLUTIONARY ASPECT OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF PRODUCTION FACTORS

The article considers the issue of the peculiarities of the transformation of production factors in parallel with the development of socio-economic needs of human civilization. It is determined that the nature of economic relations is influenced by the type of social formation and the human needs that determine it. The emergence of higher-level needs with a parallel search for ways to implement them caused both a change in the means and objects of labor and the production of more complex and high-quality commodity-material values. This, in turn, contributed to the emergence of new needs, complicated commodity-exchange processes, and shaped the development of proto-financial relations, the first commodity money and trade. A diagram of the evolutionary transformation of production factors is graphically presented not only in the chronological order of their emergence, but also in accordance with changes in the socio-economic needs of society from primitive (archaic) formations to the present-day world economy. A description of the reasons that prompted the change in the type of social production, the transition to a higher level of socio-economic relations is provided. The article outlines the inseparable combination of five factors of production under the condition of functioning of social formations with their inherent types of production and economic relations. It is established that at present absolute replacement of factors of production is not possible both under the condition of purely automated production and with the predominance of manual labor. The key factor of production was and remains human labor, regardless of the era and type of social formation, which is embodied both in the production of means and objects of labor and the implementation of entrepreneurial abilities. It is emphasized that in modern socio-economic realities, factors of production function in parallel, complementing each other, and natural, simple commodity and expanded commodity production in the aggregate constitute a single production and economic process of a single country, integrating it into the global economic space.