Spatially heterogeneous noise impacts the coordinated movement of autonomous particles in the mathematical Vicsek model

Based on Vicsek's framework, we explore how location-based fluctuations influence the coordinated movement of autonomous particles. Disturbances are confined to particles within a defined area. Incorporating spatially varying noise enhances the model's realism. Our findings reveal an optimal disturbance intensity for tuning the system's overall directionality, with the noisy zone's alignment mirroring the system's trajectory. The shape, size, and spatial arrangement of the disturbance zone impact the system's directional alignment. Our research could shed light on key factors underlying synchronized movement in various phenomena.